Rice fertilization technology program

Growing Environment Requirements Rice is an annual grass plant, monocotyledonous, thrives in high temperatures, humidity, and short daylight, with no strict soil requirements, but rice soil is best. The PH value should be between 5.5-65, and the lowest should not be lower than 5.0. Rice usually regards the germination of seeds to the production of new rice seeds as a breeding cycle, namely breeding period. The breeding period can be divided into 5 periods: seedling stage, greening stage, tillering stage, long panicle stage (panicle differentiation stage) and fruiting stage. 1. Seedling stage; different varieties have different temperature requirements. The suitable temperature is 30-32°, the highest temperature is40-42°, and the lowest temperature is above 5°. 2. Tillering stage: The suitable temperature for the air is 30-3°, the water temperature is 32-34°, low temperatures delay tillering and affect effective tillering. The tillering stage is sensitive to water, and the holding capacity should be maintained at more than 70%, while sufficient sunlight increases the intensity of photosynthesis. 3. Long panicle stage: The suitable temperature for panicle differentiation is 26-30°. Daytime at 35° and nighttime at 25° are conducive to large panicles. The of young panicles to panicles is very sensitive to water requirements, and the water holding capacity in the field should be above 90%, while also having sufficient sunlight. 4. Fruiting stage: Suitable temperature for filling is 20-22°, and the average daily temperature is good for the first fifteen days of filling, the average daily temperature is good for the last fifteen days of filling, and filling should also maintain water content of more than 70%. Before planting rice, the of the paddy field must be turned over to make it soft. This process is divided into rough ploughing, fine ploughing, and covering. In the past, power and ploughing tools were used, mainly by water buffaloes for ploughing and harrowing, but now machines are often used for ploughing. reeding and transplanting seedlings Modernized seedling centers now breed seedlings. The process includes seed sprouting test, seed drying, seed selection, seed soaking,infection, sprouting, seedling box seedling raising, etc. Principles: 1. The length of the seedling age should not exceed 40 days, the should be about 8 cm, and seedlings with more than 3 tillers should be selected. 2. The seedlings should be healthy and vigorous, with developed root. 3. Seedlings that are free from diseases, insects, mechanical damage, and obvious mutations. Reasonable close planting The density of the plot will also be due to factors such as variety, soil, and fertility. The reasonable planting density is between 12,000 and 16,000 plants per heare, with 4-6 tillers per hill, and 70,000 to 90,000 tillering seedlings per hectare In the actual operation process, wide and narrow row planting can be adopted to solve the problems of ventilation, light transmission, and pest control, with a row spacing of 2530 cm and a plant spacing of 13-16 cm. Fertilization and water management The reasonable control of water and fertilizer in rice is an important link in increasing yield and improving quality. It should be flexibly applied according to the characteristics and requirements of water and fertilizer in each growth period. Generally, field fertilization divided into three periods according to the growth process of rice: early, middle, and late, where the early stage refers to the period from transplanting to the end of tillering which is the vegetative growth stage of rice, and the goal at this time is to promote effective tillering and strive for more tillers; the middle stage refers to the stage rice has entered the reproductive growth stage (pollen formation stage), and the goal at this time is to strengthen the stem and attack large panicles, but fertilization should not too much; the late stage refers to the stage when rice enters the panicle stage to maturity, and the goal at this time is to attack more grains and full grains, and maintain fertilizer without losing it, and not to be too late.